Kuchengeta zvitupa muWindows
Pamakomputa eWindows, zvitupa zvedhijitari zvinochengetwa munzvimbo yepakati inodaidzwa kuti Certificate Store, iyo iri musystem's security subsystem. Kuti uwane chitoro chezvitupa, tevera matanho aya:
- Dzvanya kiyi yeWindows wonyora "certmgr.msc" mubhara yekutsvaga, wobva wadzvanya Enter.
- Iyo Sitifiketi Maneja inovhura, kwaunogona kuona uye kugadzirisa zvitupa zvekombuta yako.
Zvitupa zvakarongwa mumaforodha akasiyana zvichienderana nebasa rawo:
- Zvitupa zvemunhu Aya zvitupa ndeaya awakawana semushandisi wega uye ari mu "Sitifiketi - Yazvino Mushandisi" folda.
- Zvitupa kubva kuvakuru vepakati: Ivo vari mu "Intermediate Certification Entities" folda uye zvitupa zvakapihwa nemasangano ane mvumo yekugadzira zvimwe zvitupa.
- Zvitupa zvinovimbwa nemidzi: Zvitupa kubva kuvakuru vezvitupa zvinochengetwa mu "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" folda. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi uye kuvimba mune chitupa.
Kuchengeta zvitupa mu macOS
Pamakomputa anomhanyisa macOS, zvitupa zvedhijitari zvinochengetwa mune application inonzi Keychain Access. Kuti uwane iyi application, tevera matanho aya:
- Vhura iyo Finder app uye sarudza "Zvishandiso".
- Mu "Utilities" folda, tsvaga uye vhura "Access Keychain".
Iyo Access Keychain yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvemakiyi:
- Login Keychain: Chengetedza zvitupa zvako, mapassword, makiyi uye imwe data yekuchengetedza kuti ushandise iwe pachako.
- System keychain: Iyo ine zvitupa zvinoshandiswa neiyo inoshanda sisitimu uye maapplication akaiswa pakombuta yako.
Kuchengeta zvitupa muLinux
Pamakomputa anomhanyisa Linux inoshanda sisitimu, zvitupa zvedhijitari zvinochengetwa munzira "/etc/ssl/certs" yekuburitsa zvitupa zvechiremera uye "/etc/ssl/private" yezvitupa zvakavanzika. Zvisinei, izvi zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekugovera kwaunoshandisa. Kuti uwane uye kugadzirisa zvitupa zvako, unogona kushandisa maturusi emirairo-mutsara senge openssl kana yako yekugovera faira maneja.
Kuchengeta zvitupa mumabhurawuza
Mabhurawuza eWebhu zvakare ane chitoro chavo chezvitupa, chaanoshandisa kubata nekuona chokwadi chekubatana kwakachengeteka (HTTPS). Heano maitiro ekuwana chitupa chekuchengetedza mune mamwe anonyanya kufarirwa mabhurawuza ewebhu:
Google Chrome uye Mozilla Firefox
Mabhurawuza ese ari maviri anoshandisa iyo inoshanda sisitimu chitoro, ingave Windows, macOS, kana Linux, kubata avo edhijitari zvitupa. Naizvozvo, zvitupa izvi zvinowanikwa nekutevera matanho ataurwa muzvikamu zvakapfuura.
Internet Explorer uye Microsoft Edge
Aya mabhurawuza anoshandisa chitoro chezvitupa zveWindows kubata zvitupa zvavo.
- MuInternet Explorer, enda ku "Zvishandiso> Sarudzo dzeInternet> Zvemukati> Zvitupa".
- MuMicrosoft Edge, tevera matanho anotsanangurwa pamusoro e "Kuchengeta zvitupa muWindows."
Kutungamira uye kuchengetedza zvitupa zvako zvedhijitari
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uchengete zvakakwana kutonga kwezvitupa zvako zvedhijitari uye kuvimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwavo, nekuti izvi zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuvanzika kwedata rako uye huchokwadi hwekutaurirana pamhepo. Mamwe maitiro akanaka anosanganisira:
- Ita makopi ekuchengetedza zvitupa zvako.
- Gadzirisa uye vandudza zvitupa zvako zvisati zvapera.
- Seta mapassword akasimba kuchengetedza zvitupa zvako zvakavanzika.
- Gara uchishandisa hukama hwakachengeteka (SSL/TLS) paunenge uchitumira ruzivo online.
Zvino kuti unoziva kupi zvitupa zvemadhijitari uye kuti ungazvibata sei mumasisitimu akasiyana uye mabhurawuza, iwe uchakwanisa kutarisana nebasa iri nekuvimba uye kuchengeteka. Usakanganwe kuchengeta zvitupa zvako zviri parizvino uye zvakachengetedzwa kuchengetedza yakachengeteka uye yakatendeseka pamhepo nharaunda.
